WEBVTT
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Okay, so welcome to our podcast.
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This is a little bit different today because this podcast is a spin-off of our radio show.
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Hervous I am to interview you.
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I am.
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Are you kidding?
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No, I'm dead serious.
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Why?
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Because I made this mistake.
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I've said this, I've made this mistake a couple times on this podcast.
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Absolutely.
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Right?
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But I also like don't want to research because if I research and I feel like like I saw this interview with Larry King, and Larry King was like, you don't ever want to ask a question that you don't already know the answer to, which I think is silly.
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No offense, Larry King.
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May you rest in peace.
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But I want to like there's things about you that I don't know that I just want to come out.
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But it's like I could Google it.
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And then so but so I was driving here and I was talking to my sister.
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Yeah.
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And my sister's like, we talk quite a bit, and she's like one of the smartest women I know.
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She's just brilliant, smartest people I know.
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And I was telling her, Oh, I'm on the way to do a podcast.
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I was gonna go, who you interview?
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And I told her, and she's just on the phone, she starts Googling, and I'm like, What?
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Oh my god.
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And I'm like, I'm so out of my comfort zone talking to you.
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I'm so out of my intelligence bubble.
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No way.
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Yes.
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I don't know.
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So like I'm gonna say things that are probably gonna sound stupid.
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Because she goes, she goes, she goes, wait, uh uh at what what's your at ASU your title was when I oh I was Dean.
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Dean of uh social sciences.
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Oh, I thought she did anthropology or something.
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That too.
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Well, it was all I had 11 schools under me.
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So anthropology was one major in one school, but I had 11 schools under me.
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Oh wow.
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Yeah.
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Well, I was just like, I think that's a clothing store.
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It's also a clothing store.
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I wonder quite easy, where's anthropology since you're like the dean of anthropology?
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Yeah.
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My PhD is in medical anthropology, which sounds super esoteric, but it's a lot more fun than it sounds.
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See, just talking to someone that uses the word esoteric clearly like that is a little uh but okay.
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So wait.
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So if you if you studied anthropology, that's like if all kidding aside, that's like uh humankind, right?
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That's like uh Yeah, it's sort of the study of of people and cultures and you know why people do the things that they do.
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So it's so funny though, when I say anthropology, people immediately want to think Indiana Jones.
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Indiana Jones.
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Right.
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And I'm like, okay, no, that's archaeology.
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I'm like, think James Bond.
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Like James Bond.
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We end up in strange, like I have ended up in a shipping locked in a shipping container in a port off the coast of Dubai with a bunch of trafficked women, actually, and three dead bodies, you know, or I found myself in Madagascar, you know, trying to get repatriate 47 Malagasy women, get them home with their babies in time for Christmas.
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So, you know, we end up in these wild places.
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I ended up in Rappa Nui, which is Easter Island.
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Uh, but Rappa Nui is what um the the the islanders call it's a tiny island off the coast of Chile.
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It's where the big heads are, you know.
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That's Rapanui.
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So I ended up there.
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That's why I say think James Bond.
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But it's also that's got a hint of Indiana Jones.
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It does.
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Traveling all over.
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I mean, you're in Easter Island, there's the whole archaeology of the statues, where they came from, who put them there.
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That's true.
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But can we get to the shipping container?
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You just kind of go over that.
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What's this?
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Just throw that out there.
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Well, yeah, yeah.
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How are you in a shipping container with people?
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Like, what's that background of that story?
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So I've written 10 books.
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Um, after my first book, which was on Iran, it was on sexual revolution in Iran.
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That's a whole story.
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I got pulled off stage.
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I got, you know, kicked out of my home country.
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So then I shifted my field site to Dubai and I was working on trafficking in Dubai, human trafficking.
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Um, I initially had gone to Dubai because I was following Iranian sex workers uh who would go to Dubai for three months a year and make just more money in three months than I have ever made in my career in the sex industry.
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So I started following them.
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But of course, I got to Dubai, and the thing that that was most noticeable to me was that there were people, men, literally in chains, like actual chains, you know, because they would bring them in to build these huge skyscrapers, primarily men from India, actually, Carolina.
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Um, and I was like, this is nuts.
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And, you know, when I look at the definition as an anthropologist, when I look at the definition of human trafficking, it's force, fraud, or coercion.
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And I'm like, you know, there are a lot of men being trafficked here in Dubai and women being trafficked into the domestic work industry.
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On the other hand, a lot of the women in the sex industry are saying that they are coming there to make a living.
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Now, back then, this was like 2007.
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Me saying this was very controversial.
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I'm like, you know, men can be trafficked, and people are like, men aren't trafficked.
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And I'm like, these men are definitely forced, frauded, coerced.
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They are definitely told that they're gonna come make a certain income.
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They're definitely told thinking they're gonna come do a certain job.
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And then they arrive in in Dubai and they're working 36-hour shifts in 125-degree weather.
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Us Phoenicians can relate to that.
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They're outside working these long shifts, and they live in these labor camps, John Jay.
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And then these labor camps were just, I mean, really, really sad situations.
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So I started writing about that, and I was writing about women being trafficked into the domestic work industry.
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And to write these books, though, I had to interview traffickers.
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I had to get myself smuggled, basically, to see what it was like.
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And so I was following a particular trafficking ring that was trafficking women from India.
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So you went undercover?
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Pretty much, yeah, to write the book.
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As a like as a sex worker?
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Um, I was just like, hey, what's this like?
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What's this experience like?
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Tell me about it.
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Uh and uh and what happened?
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Well, I found myself in a because I was trying to figure out how and why people were continuing to come to Dubai after so much abuse had been taken place.
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Because Dubai in 2007 is way different than Dubai right now.
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Correct.
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Because everything I see about Dubai right now is amazing.
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But then again, that's probably what they want you to see, right?
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Because I know I have friends that are there right now, as a matter of fact.
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Right.
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In fact, I'll probably never now I'm afraid to ever go there because if anyone ever sees this interview in Dubai, they're probably gonna want to blacklist us.
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Well, we can just edit this part.
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No, heck no.
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Um So you had to go undercover.
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So were you like uh walking into a convenience store and someone kidnaps you and takes you away?
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That's actually not what trafficking is.
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That and that's a lot of the work that I've done.
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You know, I gave a TED talk on this.
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People think trafficking is sort of like that movie, you know, taken with Liam Neeson, where he was like, I'm going to save you.
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And the reality is that's actually not what most trafficking is.
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Most people are trafficked by a relative, somebody who knows them, or they find themselves in these situations out of desperation.
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You know, I would interview trafficked persons and they would say, Look, I had to make a very painful choice between watching my kids starve to death and taking a risk and taking a chance that if I went to this other country, I would make money and I would be able to send it home.
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But the the um you said these women were going to Dubai and making more money than you ever seen in your life.
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Those were the so these were the Iranian sex workers.
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Right.
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So that's so that's that's what's so funny.
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So that's upscale and pleasant.
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Well, by by choice.
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Now here's the interesting thing.
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Back in 2007, when you said the word trafficking, the word itself was like a rubber band.
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It stretched wide enough to include everybody in the sex industry, whether they were trafficked or not, but then it shrunk to exclude everyone outside the sex industry.
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So men, for instance, who were in construction work or women who were domestic workers, okay?
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So it wasn't serving anybody.
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The sex workers who were like, hey, I'm making this decision, not an easy decision, but you know, some of them were like, listen, Pardis, I'm too pretty to scrub toilets in Tehran.
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I'm gonna go do this and make a lot more than you'll ever make.
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It was complicated.
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It was hard, you know.
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So I was sort of trying to get my head around that.
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But then you had people on this other end who said, you know, I I remember this guy I was interviewing, actually from um the near Acom in India, and he was telling me that he had been told to come and work as a, he was going, he was, he had been told he was gonna come work as a cook, right?
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As a cook in one of these fancy hotels in Dubai.
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Well, he gets there and suddenly he's told, no, you're actually working, uh, you're going to be uh uh in the construction industry, you're going to be working these long shifts, you don't have a place to stay or live, you're gonna live in this tent, you're sleeping on the floor with you know 40 other men, there's no toilet.
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I mean, he didn't know.
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So, yes, he consented to go to Dubai.
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Yes, he consented to leave India.
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But what he did not consent to was his working conditions or the fact that, you know, his passport was being held, he wasn't getting paid what he was told he was going to get paid.
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But of course, at that point, he, like many people I've interviewed, they had leveraged, they had leveraged their family's money and all their belongings just to pay for the trip.
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Because the problem is traffickers, these unscrupulous middlemen, they charge the person.
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They're like, hey, you know, give me a thousand dollars, I'll take you to Dubai or wherever.
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I mean, I'm picking on just like the coyotes with Mexico.
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That's exactly right.
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Right.
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That's exactly right.
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Yeah.
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But the hotels hire the workers.
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So when you say traffic, because I think whenever I think of human trafficking, you always think about sex trafficking.
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And that's the that's the big problem, is that we can't always get restitution for people who are trafficked who aren't in the sex industry.
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But there are a lot in the United States, for instance, there's a great group called the Coalition for Amockley Workers.
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They've blown the whistle on a lot of trafficking cases in, for instance, um the agricultural industry.
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So, for instance, there's a there was a whole case of the people who men who were coming over to the United States, they were picking the tomatoes, being pistol whipped and having their wages held, you know.
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So it happens everywhere.
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Um, but it's often that people are trying to make a really tough decision between two pretty crappy like options.
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And for me, I I was trying to understand, you know, I I I I interviewed men, but then with the shipping container, I was trying to understand the trajectory of the women, particularly who were coming over to work as domestic workers or nannies in Dubai.
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I was trying to understand their trajectory, what was making them say yes, and then were they able to go back?
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In particular, one of the things I was interested in, which that's what took me to Madagascar later on, was because of the way the law is written in the Gulf states, it's I call it contractual sterilization.
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Women are told by contract they can't have sex during the time that they're there in country to work.
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Migrant women are told they can't have sex, but then their employers rape them sometimes.
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And then when the women show up pregnant, that's a visible marker that they've broken that law.
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And you know, which employer is gonna come forward and be like, Yes, I raped my maid.
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And um, so the women are often arrested and incarcerated and they have their babies in jail.
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And then the babies are stateless because citizenship in the Gulf passes through the father.
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And again, the father hasn't come forward, right?
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They don't have birthright citizenship.
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So now you have a situation where the woman is deported home to India, Madagascar, Ethiopia, but the baby remains in country stateless.
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So the way I ended up in Madagascar was we had this case of these 47 Malagasy women who were incarcerated in Kuwait.
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I was doing field working in the jails in Kuwait because they would let them stay while they were nursing the babies.
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The baby turned one, the women were deported.
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But I was very adamant at this point I had my own babies.
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And I was like, these babies should be able to go home because there were I had met and interviewed so many stateless kids in the Gulf.
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And I'm like, they should be able to go home.
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And they're like, Well, citizenship passes through the father, and it passes through the father at home.
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And so we went to the South African embassy and we were like, Can you just give us white passports just so we can get these kids home, back home to Madagascar with their moms for Christmas?
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And we did.
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Wow.
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Now, is this in a book?
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Yeah, that was a book.
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Is this going to be a movie?
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I don't sound like it should be a movie.
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A lot of my I feel like, you know, I have written a couple books that were probably more cinematic than that.
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You gotta get these to some people.
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Okay, wait.
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So you're in the shipping container with 47 women, is what we said?
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No, the 47 was Madagascar.
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I was in a shipping container with 31 women.
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Unfortunately, four of them were corpses by the end.
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So how long were you in the shipping container?
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Well, it was uh we went, let's see.
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I was probably because it was supposed to be past.
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So at this point, that that particular episode was about 18 hours.
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And are you in the shipping container and it's being shipped?
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It was getting ready to be shipped.
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Getting to to be workers somewhere.
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It was actually there were workers who were gonna be being shipped from Dubai to the Comoros Islands because uh we actually were banging so loudly on the edge of the can that uh somebody came and got us out.
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My God.
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Yeah, that is incredible.
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Yeah, it was a crazy.
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And then somehow you become president of a university.
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That's right.
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That many years later, and then now I'm a recovering academic.
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Well, so wait, right now, what are you doing?
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Right now, I the way I describe myself is first and foremost as an author.
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I spent a lot of my days writing, um, but I also am doing crisis communications for higher education, and I'm starting a university.
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You're starting a university?
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Yeah.
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Like an online university?
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Actually, it's gonna be a blend.
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And do you have you have a name for it?
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Is it already started?
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Do you have students?
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Uh we don't have students yet.
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We are lining up our faculty.
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Uh, and our approach is really because higher education today is broken.
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Uh for me and my own experience.
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So after I did all that wild, crazy medical anthrop medical anthropological work, the James Bond life, I uh I came back and I started to um kind of rise the academic ranks because I started to get focused on education and kind of what the education system was about.
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Um, what motivated me were really two things.
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One of them was my parents.
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My father, you know, I'm I'm Iranian American.
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We we came to the United States uh during the Iranian Revolution.
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And uh we were, I ended up, you know, my I was in utero when the revolution was happening.
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So I was born in Minnesota, that's where we were for a few years, and then we moved to California.
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Um, but you know, when we moved from Minnesota to California, my dad said something to me in that move, and he said, you know, Pardis, people can take everything from you.
00:15:23.840 --> 00:15:27.440
They can take your belongings, they can take your home, they can even take your country.
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But the one thing no one can ever take from you is your education.
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So that always like stuck with me, you know, as as the world was becoming topsy turvy.
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And I'm like, you know, I gotta help other people get that which can't be taken away.
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But probably the bigger impact for me was when I was a professor and I was just becoming, you know, department chair.